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Structural Engineering
Structural Engineering is one of the very important sub-disciplines of civil engineering. This sub-discipline is where you need very high amount of complicated calculations. We call a structure, failure, if this part of the engineering becomes failure. Structural Engineering is concerned with two basic parts, they are; Structural design and Structural Analysis.
We know that a structure may fail upon loading. Let’s take a bridge as the example for this case. A bridge has a tendency to fail, that is to break, when many heavy vehicles are passing on it. This failure can be prevented when we design the bridge with materials with right specifications which can bear that loading and with support systems to the bridge that could strongly found that bridge on Earth. Structural Engineering is the sub-discipline of Civil Engineering that deals with this case.
The first and foremost step of structural engineering is identification of all the possible load that are now applied and that could be applied later, then designing the building or the Civil Engineering structure to withstand all of these loads. Failure of identification of certain loads or errors in calculation may make the structure fail. The basic two types of loadings are; dead loads and live loads. Dead loads are the loads imposed on the structure by the structural material itself and also by the static, immovable loads on the structure. Live loads are the loads that are movable. Certain loads act vertically and some others act horizontally. Then all the loads should be transferred to the foundation and then to the soil. This is where the knowledge on the capacity of soil becomes necessary which gave rise to a sub-discipline, Geotechnical Engineering.
Analyzing the horizontal loads has given birth to another two sub-disciplines of Civil Engineering as Earthquake Engineering and Wind Engineering. Analysis of Wind loads and Earthquake loads are tough to be done, even if the loads are analyzed, designing the structure to withstand those loads is really difficult. Therefore engineers have found many new theories for designing the structure for these loads. The engineering who perceive learning these are called Earthquake Engineers and Wind Engineers respectively.
By considering the loads that are going to be applied to the structure; the strength, stiffness and stability of the structure has to be designed. The cost, constructability, safety, architecture and sustainability too are features that should be considered when designing the structure of the Building or any Civil Engineering structure.
Due to evolutions in Structural Engineering, Engineers could design sky-scrapers. Using only a few area of land, many people can live within a limited area, one resident above the other. The first time when a Civil Engineer designed and build a four-storey building, people feared to go near it, some even said that it will fail within days, the days became week, the weeks became months, the months became years, but it did not collapse. Then people believed that multi-storey living is possible. Today, almost all the constructions are more than single-storied because, the value of land is very high.
If the Civil Engineers and Structural Engineers have not developed, the whole land area of the world would have been hunted to build shelter. But, today, by using only a fraction of that land area, everybody is surviving.
Geotechnical Engineering
As we know that Engineering is the application of Science and technology, Geotechnical Engineering is the Application of Soil Mechanics and Earth Geology also with some other branches of science and mathematics. Geotechnical Engineering is a very important branch of Civil Engineering because all the Civil Engineering structures are founded on soil.
Let us just see what so important with soil? As we studied in High School physics, there are three states of matter, namely; Solids, Liquids and Gases. Physicists have broadly investigated about the properties of all three states. Soil, as a material, is slightly different from all these three states. Soil is not purely solid, nor liquid, no gas. It has a mixture of materials from all three states. That also, the mixtures proportions are not equal everywhere. The solid material from soil also changes from place to place, it is sometimes sand, silt, silty sand or sometimes clay. The properties of each of these types differ. So a thorough understanding of soil is very necessary in Civil Engineering.
Degree of compaction, stiffness, and shear strength are examples of some parameters of soil that are very essential for Civil Engineers, especially for Geotechnical Engineers to investigate the properties of soil, and thereby, design all the Earthly structures properly. Geotechnical Engineers knows how to test for the properties of soil, they test it, and they find the properties. By use of those properties, they design the structures on Earth. Soil testing is one of the very first steps of a construction project, if the soil test results are not accurate to the required level, the structure that is constructed on it may settle inside, or simply may fail.
Hydraulic Engineering
Hydraulic Engineering is basically the application of sciences such as fluid mechanics, soil mechanics etc. Hydraulic Engineering is a very richly developed sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. There are many Hydraulic structures out there. Some examples for them are dams, channels, canals, levees, sanitary and water supply plumbing, drainage system etc. Rather than the basic knowledge on Civil Engineering, special knowledge and expertise are required to design and construct Hydraulic Structures.
Civil Engineering activities such as under water construction and reclamation of land from sea or any other water resource has begun. These fields will require high amount of knowledge in Hydraulic principles. Hydraulic Engineering is one of the very useful sub-disciplines of Civil Engineering. By the construction of dams, water resource is saved and served properly to the people. These dams are also useful to produce Hydro-Electricity.
Environmental Engineering
When the world developed, technologies developed, medicine developed, unfortunately, population too developed hugely. When the population developed, wastes increased. So, a proper waste management is required. This gave rise to Environmental Engineering. It is better if we say this as Sanitary Engineering, a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. This sub-discipline of Civil Engineering was emerged as a combination of many other sub-disciplines of Civil Engineering. The basic of all, as far as I concern, is Hydraulic Engineering. Solid and liquid waste disposal lines are a part of Environmental Engineering, but basically using many concepts from Hydraulic Engineering. The waste water disposal is not the ultimate, waste water treatment also come under this sub-discipline of Civil Engineering.
Today, an organized drainage system is not available in many countries. This results in sudden flooding. Flood basically occurs because, when raining, the drains should have a capacity sufficient to drain the rain water out from the city. If the drains are not sufficient for this purpose, flooding occurs. If proper Environmental Engineering is done, Flooding could have been reduced.
Coastal Engineering
First of all, let us see the meaning of the word coast. Coast means the land area adjoining the sea. Coastal Engineering is a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering concerning about the coastal areas. Sea is different from rivers or any other water reserves. It impacts on the land, a strong force by its waves. Sea often becomes harsh; the harshest of all situations is Tsunami. Storms can make the tidal waves stronger that result in the erosion of the land by the sea. Even normal waves erode the land slowly. So it requires a strong Coastal protection. It’s Coastal Engineering that deals with the technologies available for coastal protection systems.
There are also Coastal structures or especially marine structures. Think about the ports and Harbors, designing and constructing of these structures requires special knowledge and expertise, only knowing the principals of Hydraulic Engineering is insufficient. Therefore Coastal Engineering emerged as a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. Today, the sea is reclaimed to construct artificial islands or artificial land areas. In those cases, the considerations are very unique; it is where Advanced Coastal Engineering comes into play.
Material Science and Engineering
A variety of materials are used in Civil Engineering works. A sound knowledge on each material is required by a Civil Engineer to design and construct Civil Engineering Structures. This sub-discipline of Civil Engineering deals with almost all such materials. Many researches are done about these Engineering materials. Many Experiments are done with new materials which would be sustainable and energy-efficient to be used in construction.
Among all the materials, Concrete is a very important one. Invention of Concrete was an evolution in the Construction Industry. To overcome the weaknesses of concrete, steel reinforcement is added into it. Many of the greatest Civil Engineering Structures in the world would have been impossible if concrete was not invented. Today, we can say that, material science Engineering has passed so much milestones in identifying, researching and developing Structural Materials in terms of strength, stiffness and stability. Material Science and Engineering is now highly focusing on the sustainable aspects of the Construction industry and it requires many researches on Energy-efficient Construction materials.
Earthquake Engineering
Earthquake Engineering is a sub-discipline of Structural Engineering and therefore a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. When Earthquake occurs, the ground will start shaking; all the stability of the ground is gone. It is very dangerous for any building or Civil Engineering Structure. When the structural engineers began to construct multi-storey buildings, earthquakes were very dangerous than ever before, the loss of wealth also was very high than ever before. So, Civil Engineers had two options; one to stop constructing multi-storey buildings in those areas vulnerable to earthquake or to find a way to construct multi-storey buildings that could withstand Earthquake loads. As usual, engineers took the hard path and they were successful.
One of the reasons for the development of this sub-discipline should be because many of the developed countries of the world are in areas vulnerable for earthquake. Today, this sub-discipline is developed so much so that people are ready to say that, it is safer to be in large buildings during an earthquake than being outside. That much safe are the Earthquake resistant structures today. The shock and vibration will not be zero in the earthquake resistant structures of today, but structures won’t fail during earthquake.
Municipal and Urban Engineering
Municipal and Urban Engineering was also a very important sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. This has given rise to other sub-disciplines such as Transportation Engineering and majority of the Environmental Engineering. The sub-discipline Municipal and Urban Engineering now majorly focus on maintaining developed infra-structure, environment, transportation facilities, wastewater management system and doing the needed. The Initial designing and construction of these elements are done by Transportation Engineers or Environmental Engineers.
Transportation Engineering
Efficient travel and transport inside a city or inter-cities are very important for the growth of a country. Transportation Engineering is a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering that focuses of efficient travel and transport. This great sub-discipline of Civil Engineering focuses on the design, construction and maintenance of roads, highways, express ways, flyovers, railways, pavements and all other transport means. This sub-discipline of Civil Engineering is highly developed in many cities of the world. But, the world still needs many developments on this due to the increase in vehicles and population. Traffic Engineering is a sub-discipline of it that is responsible for controlling the traffic.
Surveying
This actually is very rich sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. Today, there are Surveyors, that means this field has grown to a level where this can individually be looked up as a different field. But, this is also a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. Surveying means to measure the dimensions (basically lengths) of a particular area of land. Once surveying is done, Survey drawings are made. Using survey drawing, sufficient amount of information about that particular area of land can be collected.
Surveying did not develop alone; it developed with many kinds of surveying instruments and techniques. Those days when only few tapes were used to measure and survey the land are gone now. Today, we have very developed instruments to survey the land. Total stations, Electronic Distance Measurements (EDM), GPS surveying and Laser scanning has taken surveying to entirely new dimensions. It is a distinct profession and becoming a licensed surveyor is a different procedure. But, this follows Civil Engineering principles and derived as a result of improvement of this field a part from Civil Engineering.
Surveying comes as the first step and also as the last step in any Civil Engineering project. This is also comes throughout the project. Before the project begins, the land will be surveyed by the surveyor and a survey map will be produced. Then lay-out or setting-out will be done by a surveyor to demarcate the points of construction,then the construction begins. When the construction is going on, surveyor will be the person who verifies the location and points during the construction. When the construction is finished, the Surveyor will once again survey the constructed Civil Engineering structure to draw the “as-built drawing”, this is called “as-built surveying”.
Architecture
As for Surveying, Architecture also had its roots in Civil Engineering. When the Civil Engineering and its sub-disciplines expanded, architecture was separated from Civil Engineering. Even today, Civil Engineers are capable of doing the job of Architects, but they won’t be efficient as an architect because architect is a person who is expert in designing the architecture of the structure. If Civil Engineers go to design the architecture of a building, that building would just look like boxes connected together. This is not to condemn Civil Engineers, but this is to appreciate the role of an Architect in Construction of a wonderful building.
Architect is the imaginary client for Civil Engineers. The client (the person who requires the building) will have some stories to tell. An Architect will receive the imagination, the needs and wants of the Client, translates it to form which could be understood by the Engineers and deliver it to them. So, an Architects role is immense.
Construction Engineering
Civil Engineers take the job and design huge structures, plan each element of the structure and prepare clear drawings. It is constructed by the Construction Companies. Construction of a building or Civil Engineering structure is equally important to the designing of it. This gives room for Site Engineers and Construction Engineers. These are also great sub-disciplines of Civil Engineering.
As for the construction of a building or a Civil Engineering structure is concerned, there should be an efficient management of the construction which gives room for Project managers and Construction Managers. Construction Engineering is a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering which deals with the Construction phase of any Civil Engineering project.
When the construction is being carried out; many technologies has to implemented, the works should be very well managed, there can be a lot of problems aroused during this phase and there should be a technical person in the site to solve these issues quick as possible and go forward, all materials and work has to be well monitored, altogether the construction project has to be well managed. These can be efficiently done by a Construction Engineer.
The Civil Engineer who has acquired sufficient amount of knowledge and expertise in Management being able to manage a construction project successfully are the Construction Engineers. Also with management, they also contribute the project as the instant Engineering problem solvers.
Construction Engineers also have a sound knowledge on the Construction technology. There are many high-techequipments and tools available to be used during the construction to make the construction more effective. The places and procedures for the usage of those equipments and tools are directed by the construction Engineers. They test the quality of the materials that comes to site. They have procedures and methodologies to check the quality of the construction materials such as brick, steel, concrete etc. They direct the labors in the right direction to produce the product that is there in the plan.
The design drawings that are produced by the Engineers could only be read properly by Engineers. This is basic reason for why site Engineers are there in a construction site. For labor supervision, there are supervisors in the construction sites, as the same, for technical supervision, there are Site Engineers in the construction sites. Even Site Engineers are Construction Engineers. It can even be said the other way. The Construction Engineers are Site Engineers with much more Practical knowledge and knowledge on management.
Structural Engineering
Structural Engineering is one of the very important sub-disciplines of civil engineering. This sub-discipline is where you need very high amount of complicated calculations. We call a structure, failure, if this part of the engineering becomes failure. Structural Engineering is concerned with two basic parts, they are; Structural design and Structural Analysis.
We know that a structure may fail upon loading. Let’s take a bridge as the example for this case. A bridge has a tendency to fail, that is to break, when many heavy vehicles are passing on it. This failure can be prevented when we design the bridge with materials with right specifications which can bear that loading and with support systems to the bridge that could strongly found that bridge on Earth. Structural Engineering is the sub-discipline of Civil Engineering that deals with this case.
The first and foremost step of structural engineering is identification of all the possible load that are now applied and that could be applied later, then designing the building or the Civil Engineering structure to withstand all of these loads. Failure of identification of certain loads or errors in calculation may make the structure fail. The basic two types of loadings are; dead loads and live loads. Dead loads are the loads imposed on the structure by the structural material itself and also by the static, immovable loads on the structure. Live loads are the loads that are movable. Certain loads act vertically and some others act horizontally. Then all the loads should be transferred to the foundation and then to the soil. This is where the knowledge on the capacity of soil becomes necessary which gave rise to a sub-discipline, Geotechnical Engineering.
Analyzing the horizontal loads has given birth to another two sub-disciplines of Civil Engineering as Earthquake Engineering and Wind Engineering. Analysis of Wind loads and Earthquake loads are tough to be done, even if the loads are analyzed, designing the structure to withstand those loads is really difficult. Therefore engineers have found many new theories for designing the structure for these loads. The engineering who perceive learning these are called Earthquake Engineers and Wind Engineers respectively.
By considering the loads that are going to be applied to the structure; the strength, stiffness and stability of the structure has to be designed. The cost, constructability, safety, architecture and sustainability too are features that should be considered when designing the structure of the Building or any Civil Engineering structure.
Due to evolutions in Structural Engineering, Engineers could design sky-scrapers. Using only a few area of land, many people can live within a limited area, one resident above the other. The first time when a Civil Engineer designed and build a four-storey building, people feared to go near it, some even said that it will fail within days, the days became week, the weeks became months, the months became years, but it did not collapse. Then people believed that multi-storey living is possible. Today, almost all the constructions are more than single-storied because, the value of land is very high.
If the Civil Engineers and Structural Engineers have not developed, the whole land area of the world would have been hunted to build shelter. But, today, by using only a fraction of that land area, everybody is surviving.
Geotechnical Engineering
As we know that Engineering is the application of Science and technology, Geotechnical Engineering is the Application of Soil Mechanics and Earth Geology also with some other branches of science and mathematics. Geotechnical Engineering is a very important branch of Civil Engineering because all the Civil Engineering structures are founded on soil.
Let us just see what so important with soil? As we studied in High School physics, there are three states of matter, namely; Solids, Liquids and Gases. Physicists have broadly investigated about the properties of all three states. Soil, as a material, is slightly different from all these three states. Soil is not purely solid, nor liquid, no gas. It has a mixture of materials from all three states. That also, the mixtures proportions are not equal everywhere. The solid material from soil also changes from place to place, it is sometimes sand, silt, silty sand or sometimes clay. The properties of each of these types differ. So a thorough understanding of soil is very necessary in Civil Engineering.
Degree of compaction, stiffness, and shear strength are examples of some parameters of soil that are very essential for Civil Engineers, especially for Geotechnical Engineers to investigate the properties of soil, and thereby, design all the Earthly structures properly. Geotechnical Engineers knows how to test for the properties of soil, they test it, and they find the properties. By use of those properties, they design the structures on Earth. Soil testing is one of the very first steps of a construction project, if the soil test results are not accurate to the required level, the structure that is constructed on it may settle inside, or simply may fail.
Hydraulic Engineering
Hydraulic Engineering is basically the application of sciences such as fluid mechanics, soil mechanics etc. Hydraulic Engineering is a very richly developed sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. There are many Hydraulic structures out there. Some examples for them are dams, channels, canals, levees, sanitary and water supply plumbing, drainage system etc. Rather than the basic knowledge on Civil Engineering, special knowledge and expertise are required to design and construct Hydraulic Structures.
Civil Engineering activities such as under water construction and reclamation of land from sea or any other water resource has begun. These fields will require high amount of knowledge in Hydraulic principles. Hydraulic Engineering is one of the very useful sub-disciplines of Civil Engineering. By the construction of dams, water resource is saved and served properly to the people. These dams are also useful to produce Hydro-Electricity.
Environmental Engineering
When the world developed, technologies developed, medicine developed, unfortunately, population too developed hugely. When the population developed, wastes increased. So, a proper waste management is required. This gave rise to Environmental Engineering. It is better if we say this as Sanitary Engineering, a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. This sub-discipline of Civil Engineering was emerged as a combination of many other sub-disciplines of Civil Engineering. The basic of all, as far as I concern, is Hydraulic Engineering. Solid and liquid waste disposal lines are a part of Environmental Engineering, but basically using many concepts from Hydraulic Engineering. The waste water disposal is not the ultimate, waste water treatment also come under this sub-discipline of Civil Engineering.
Today, an organized drainage system is not available in many countries. This results in sudden flooding. Flood basically occurs because, when raining, the drains should have a capacity sufficient to drain the rain water out from the city. If the drains are not sufficient for this purpose, flooding occurs. If proper Environmental Engineering is done, Flooding could have been reduced.
Coastal Engineering
First of all, let us see the meaning of the word coast. Coast means the land area adjoining the sea. Coastal Engineering is a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering concerning about the coastal areas. Sea is different from rivers or any other water reserves. It impacts on the land, a strong force by its waves. Sea often becomes harsh; the harshest of all situations is Tsunami. Storms can make the tidal waves stronger that result in the erosion of the land by the sea. Even normal waves erode the land slowly. So it requires a strong Coastal protection. It’s Coastal Engineering that deals with the technologies available for coastal protection systems.
There are also Coastal structures or especially marine structures. Think about the ports and Harbors, designing and constructing of these structures requires special knowledge and expertise, only knowing the principals of Hydraulic Engineering is insufficient. Therefore Coastal Engineering emerged as a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. Today, the sea is reclaimed to construct artificial islands or artificial land areas. In those cases, the considerations are very unique; it is where Advanced Coastal Engineering comes into play.
Material Science and Engineering
A variety of materials are used in Civil Engineering works. A sound knowledge on each material is required by a Civil Engineer to design and construct Civil Engineering Structures. This sub-discipline of Civil Engineering deals with almost all such materials. Many researches are done about these Engineering materials. Many Experiments are done with new materials which would be sustainable and energy-efficient to be used in construction.
Among all the materials, Concrete is a very important one. Invention of Concrete was an evolution in the Construction Industry. To overcome the weaknesses of concrete, steel reinforcement is added into it. Many of the greatest Civil Engineering Structures in the world would have been impossible if concrete was not invented. Today, we can say that, material science Engineering has passed so much milestones in identifying, researching and developing Structural Materials in terms of strength, stiffness and stability. Material Science and Engineering is now highly focusing on the sustainable aspects of the Construction industry and it requires many researches on Energy-efficient Construction materials.
Earthquake Engineering
Earthquake Engineering is a sub-discipline of Structural Engineering and therefore a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. When Earthquake occurs, the ground will start shaking; all the stability of the ground is gone. It is very dangerous for any building or Civil Engineering Structure. When the structural engineers began to construct multi-storey buildings, earthquakes were very dangerous than ever before, the loss of wealth also was very high than ever before. So, Civil Engineers had two options; one to stop constructing multi-storey buildings in those areas vulnerable to earthquake or to find a way to construct multi-storey buildings that could withstand Earthquake loads. As usual, engineers took the hard path and they were successful.
One of the reasons for the development of this sub-discipline should be because many of the developed countries of the world are in areas vulnerable for earthquake. Today, this sub-discipline is developed so much so that people are ready to say that, it is safer to be in large buildings during an earthquake than being outside. That much safe are the Earthquake resistant structures today. The shock and vibration will not be zero in the earthquake resistant structures of today, but structures won’t fail during earthquake.
Municipal and Urban Engineering
Municipal and Urban Engineering was also a very important sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. This has given rise to other sub-disciplines such as Transportation Engineering and majority of the Environmental Engineering. The sub-discipline Municipal and Urban Engineering now majorly focus on maintaining developed infra-structure, environment, transportation facilities, wastewater management system and doing the needed. The Initial designing and construction of these elements are done by Transportation Engineers or Environmental Engineers.
Transportation Engineering
Efficient travel and transport inside a city or inter-cities are very important for the growth of a country. Transportation Engineering is a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering that focuses of efficient travel and transport. This great sub-discipline of Civil Engineering focuses on the design, construction and maintenance of roads, highways, express ways, flyovers, railways, pavements and all other transport means. This sub-discipline of Civil Engineering is highly developed in many cities of the world. But, the world still needs many developments on this due to the increase in vehicles and population. Traffic Engineering is a sub-discipline of it that is responsible for controlling the traffic.
Surveying
This actually is very rich sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. Today, there are Surveyors, that means this field has grown to a level where this can individually be looked up as a different field. But, this is also a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering. Surveying means to measure the dimensions (basically lengths) of a particular area of land. Once surveying is done, Survey drawings are made. Using survey drawing, sufficient amount of information about that particular area of land can be collected.
Surveying did not develop alone; it developed with many kinds of surveying instruments and techniques. Those days when only few tapes were used to measure and survey the land are gone now. Today, we have very developed instruments to survey the land. Total stations, Electronic Distance Measurements (EDM), GPS surveying and Laser scanning has taken surveying to entirely new dimensions. It is a distinct profession and becoming a licensed surveyor is a different procedure. But, this follows Civil Engineering principles and derived as a result of improvement of this field a part from Civil Engineering.
Surveying comes as the first step and also as the last step in any Civil Engineering project. This is also comes throughout the project. Before the project begins, the land will be surveyed by the surveyor and a survey map will be produced. Then lay-out or setting-out will be done by a surveyor to demarcate the points of construction,then the construction begins. When the construction is going on, surveyor will be the person who verifies the location and points during the construction. When the construction is finished, the Surveyor will once again survey the constructed Civil Engineering structure to draw the “as-built drawing”, this is called “as-built surveying”.
Architecture
As for Surveying, Architecture also had its roots in Civil Engineering. When the Civil Engineering and its sub-disciplines expanded, architecture was separated from Civil Engineering. Even today, Civil Engineers are capable of doing the job of Architects, but they won’t be efficient as an architect because architect is a person who is expert in designing the architecture of the structure. If Civil Engineers go to design the architecture of a building, that building would just look like boxes connected together. This is not to condemn Civil Engineers, but this is to appreciate the role of an Architect in Construction of a wonderful building.
Architect is the imaginary client for Civil Engineers. The client (the person who requires the building) will have some stories to tell. An Architect will receive the imagination, the needs and wants of the Client, translates it to form which could be understood by the Engineers and deliver it to them. So, an Architects role is immense.
Construction Engineering
Civil Engineers take the job and design huge structures, plan each element of the structure and prepare clear drawings. It is constructed by the Construction Companies. Construction of a building or Civil Engineering structure is equally important to the designing of it. This gives room for Site Engineers and Construction Engineers. These are also great sub-disciplines of Civil Engineering.
As for the construction of a building or a Civil Engineering structure is concerned, there should be an efficient management of the construction which gives room for Project managers and Construction Managers. Construction Engineering is a sub-discipline of Civil Engineering which deals with the Construction phase of any Civil Engineering project.
When the construction is being carried out; many technologies has to implemented, the works should be very well managed, there can be a lot of problems aroused during this phase and there should be a technical person in the site to solve these issues quick as possible and go forward, all materials and work has to be well monitored, altogether the construction project has to be well managed. These can be efficiently done by a Construction Engineer.
The Civil Engineer who has acquired sufficient amount of knowledge and expertise in Management being able to manage a construction project successfully are the Construction Engineers. Also with management, they also contribute the project as the instant Engineering problem solvers.
Construction Engineers also have a sound knowledge on the Construction technology. There are many high-techequipments and tools available to be used during the construction to make the construction more effective. The places and procedures for the usage of those equipments and tools are directed by the construction Engineers. They test the quality of the materials that comes to site. They have procedures and methodologies to check the quality of the construction materials such as brick, steel, concrete etc. They direct the labors in the right direction to produce the product that is there in the plan.
The design drawings that are produced by the Engineers could only be read properly by Engineers. This is basic reason for why site Engineers are there in a construction site. For labor supervision, there are supervisors in the construction sites, as the same, for technical supervision, there are Site Engineers in the construction sites. Even Site Engineers are Construction Engineers. It can even be said the other way. The Construction Engineers are Site Engineers with much more Practical knowledge and knowledge on management.
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